Passive Voice

Passive Voice

Forming The Passive

Active:(a)The driver helped the injured woman. Passive:(b)The injured woman was helped by the driver.	In the passive,the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb:the driver in (a) becomes the subject of the passive verb in (b
Active:(a)The man decided against a plea bargain. Passive:(b)none	Only transitive verbs (verbs than can be followed by an object) are used in the passive;we can't use intransitive verbs sch as decide,refuse,complain,fall,happen,sleep,come,seem etc..in the passive voice.

Form of the passive:be+past participle
Active	Passive
Simple present:the cat eats the meat.	The meat is eaten by the cat
Present continous:the cat is eating the meat.	The meat is being eaten by the cat
Present Perfect:the cat has eaten the meat.	The meat has been eaten by the cat
Futre Simple:the cat will eat the meat.	The meat will be eaten by the cat
be going to:the cat is going to eat the meat.	The meat is going to be eaten by the cat
Furure Perfect:the cat will have eaten the meat.	The meat will have been eaten by the cat
Simple past:the cat ate the meat.	The meat was eaten by the cat
Past Progressive:the cat was eating the meat.	The meat was being eaten by the cat
Past Perfect:the cat had eaten the meat.	The meat had been eaten by the cat

Conditional

Third conditional/Conditional Type III


Conditional Type III is used to express conditions in the past that
didn't happen and can never be fulfilled.It is often used to express
regret or criticism.
Like the other conditionals, a third conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause.
Form

(IF Clause)	(Main Clause)
If I had saved my money,	I would have built a house.
If I had worked harder,	I could have passed my exam.
If Aicha hadn’t been raped,	She shouldn’t have fled her village.

Or...

(Main Clause)	(IF Clause)
I would have escaped	if she had warned me.
Barcelona could have won the match	if Etoo had returned to full fitness.
He should have played against Real	if he had resumed team training .

Wish/If Only


Wish/If only are used to express regret,wanting change or complaint.
The table below lists the changes that occur when we use wish/If only :

Tenses	Change
Simple Present	Simple past
Simple Past	Past Perfect
Will	Would
can	Could
may	Might
is/are	was/were
was/were	had been
have/has	had
had	had had
must	must or had to

Examples:
I am sorry i was rude to you.I wish hadn't been rude to you.
He is shy and clumsy.The teacher wishes he wasn't shy and clumsy.

Future Perfect

Future Perfect


FORM :


[will have + past participle]
The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur
before another action in the future. It can also state that something
will happen before a specific time in the future.
Examples:

• By next June, I will have passed my bac exam.
• Students will have finished this test before it rings.
• Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to Beijing?
• In three years, oil prices will have gone higher.
• How many countries will you have visited by the time you turn 50?

Future Perfect Progressive



Future Perfect Progressive empasizes the duration of
an activity that wil be in progress before another time or event in the
future.

Form:[will have +verb+ing]

• By a few years time,The new AR games will have allowed us to enter
  a new,fully three-dimentional and photorealistic world for hours.
• She will have been thanking her by now for her urgent help.
• I am sure he will have been telling his father about your insane mistakes for the moment.
• she will have been hiding the money box under her bed by the time she leaves her house.
• TOP services for lingual therapy will have shortly been
  opening their new Laboratory and Office facility for 8 hours a day by
  March 15th
• 
  
• past perfect
• 
  FORM
  
  
  [had + past participle]
  Examples:
  
  
  
  • She had learnt Japanese before she moved to Japan.
  • Had he seen his uncle when he came back?
  • By 1970,he hadn't graduated from the niversity.
  • 
    The past perfect expresses an activity that was completed before another activity or time in the past.
  • Examples:
  • She had cleaned the house before her husband came back.
  • By the time he was 42,he had taught for 20 years.
  • As soon as he had graduated from university,he got employed in a company.
  • They were arrested because they had demonstrated in the street.
  • She wishes she hadn't been divorced.
  • After her neighbour raped her,she suicided.
  
  </li>
• 
  
• بالتوفيق لكـــــــــــــم...